How does curving track affect train speed?

Curving track generally requires a reduction in speed due to the dynamics of how trains navigate turns. When a train approaches a curve, its center of gravity, along with the forces of inertia and centripetal force, affects stability and safety. Trains are designed to travel at certain speeds, and sharp turns can result in a higher risk of derailment if the speed exceeds safe limits.

In addition, as trains negotiate curves, the outer wheels travel a longer distance than the inner wheels, which can lead to uneven wear and potential instability if the train is traveling too fast. Engineers take these factors into account and establish speed restrictions for curves to ensure the safety and integrity of both the train and the track. Thus, it is crucial for engineers to adhere to these speed limits whenever traversing curved sections to maintain control and prevent accidents.